Ref. 4 - Chemical Poison In Lab

Every the first time we attend the experimental lab especially chemistry lab, lab instructor always briefs us about the lab rules and emergency safety equipments. Every lab users should always obey the rules for safety purpose.

Accidentally during the experiment, you get:-

First Aid Treatment:

Poison on the Skin
1. Remove contaminated clothing.
2. Avoid contact with the chemical again.
3. Wash the skin with cool running tap water for 15-20 minutes.
4. If your whole body gets poison, quickly get to the Laboratory Emergency Shower (available in Curtin lab) and give yourself an emergency shower.
5. Witness should inform instructor quickly.


Poison in the Eye
1. Holds your eyelids open
2. flood the eye with water from a cup, jug or slowly running tap water for 10-20 minutes.
3. Uses laboratory Emergency Eyewash if available.
4. Witness should inform instructor quickly.

Inhaled Poison
1. Get the person to have fresh air as quickly as possible if safe to do so.
*If you could not bear with the smell in the lab, ask permission from instructor to go out to have some fresh air.

References:
http://www.parasolemt.com.au/manual.php?subpage=poisoning

Ref. 3 - Nosebleeds or epistaxis

        Most common caused by nose picking and injury. Some people may get them more often. The cold and dry weather will likely cause nosebleeds. People who make take aspirin or other drug s that interfere with the blood’s ability to clot commonly and develop nosebleeds. If prevention or treatment not been done and continues longer than 10 minutes, it will considerer as serious as losing great amount of blood(1 litres/hour in adults) and than causing shock.

First Aid Treatment:
       Important step to treat nosebleeds including elevating the patient's head 45 degrees, avoiding picking up nose upside down to let the blood flow back to nose. Make sure the patient breathe through his month.

       After that, firmly compress the sides of the nose together and not let go 10 minutes. Release the compress for a while and repeat the step again until the bleeding stop. Place ice packs or cold towel on the nose to increase effectiveness.

        Monitor vital signs and skin color of the patient. If the bleeding does not stop, bring the patient to the doctor.

         Eat lots of fruits and vegetables build a stronger resistant to infections.

References:
M. H. Beers, A.J. Fletcher, T V. Jones, R. Porter, J. L. Kaplan. 2003. The Merck Manual of Medical Information 2th home edition. Merck & Co., Inc.

Ref. 2 - Recovery Postion

Recovery position is the comfort posture and open airway management technique to assist unconscious(still breathing) casualty before leaving him alone to find help or help others.

Below is video of showing how to put casualty in recover position:-

DO NOT do recovery position if spinal or neck injury is indicated, unless you want to drain the vomit from the airway.

Ref. 1 - Small Cut or Scrape

Let starts with the simple circumstances that commonly happen among the students. For example, you may too actively involve in any kind of sports and often you may get scrape on your knee or other part of your skin due to fall down, or you were cutting carrots for dinner and you've sliced your thumb, or perhaps even a piece of paper will sharp enough too cut you skin.

First Aid Treatment:
1. The first thing is to make sure that your wound is clean. Infection can develop when a wound is contaminated with dirt and bacteria.
2. Run over tap water and little bit of soap or diluted dettol. You don't have to use a lot of friction unless there's a lot of dirt in the wound.
3. Application of agents, such as alcohol, iodine, and hydrogen peroxide are not recommended. These agents can damage tissue and decrease the recover rate.
4. Once it's clean, make sure that the bleeding is stopped. If not, apply direct pressure to the spot by using clean and dry cloth until the bleeding totally stops.
5. Apply right size adhesive bandage on the wound after clean and dry.
6. Actually do not necessarily need to use an antibiotic ointment or antiseptic cream for small wound. Your body does a great job of healing itself.
7. Make sure to change that bandage daily for hygiene purpose.

References:
M. H. Beers, A.J. Fletcher, T V. Jones, R. Porter, J. L. Kaplan. 2003. The Merck Manual of Medical Information 2th home edition. Merck & Co., Inc.

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